公共英语 · 2008 年真题

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英语总览 · 历年真题索引

Part I Vocabulary and Structure (35%)

1. The last decade ______ tremendous changes in the means of transportation. A. has witnessed B. was witnessed C. witnessed D. is witnessed
2. When they entered the room, they found the windows open and something _____. A. stolen B. to de stolen C. to steal D. stealing
3. You can join us for this activity ______ you follow these rules strictly. A. on condition that B. just as C. now that D. in case www.gzzkgk.cn 4. The research scientists often meet with problems ______new types of instruments for their solution. A. requireB. to requireC. requiredD. requiring
4. The house is well decorated ______ the disarrangement of a few photos. A. except B. besides C. except for D. in addition to
5. Without computers, we ______ the tremendous medical advancement in the last few decades. A. would not make B. will not have made C. could not make D. couldn't have made
6. The tree, the branches ______ are almost bare, is a very old one. A. whose B. in which C. of which D. which
7. What's dons is done, It's no use ______ anyone for it. A. blaming B. blame C. to blame D. to de blaming
8. It is the boy's laziness that ______ his failure in the exam. A. resulted from B. led to C. brought in D. led into
9. I can't ______ this type of computer; it's too expensive. A. cost B. spend C. afford D. trade
10. The students were assigned different tasks according to their ______ abilities. A. respectful B. respectable C. respective D. responsible
11. Thank you for the ______ you did me to move the sofa upstairs. A. favor B. good C. help D. kindness
12. As for the quality of this model of color TV sets, the ones made in Chine are by no means ____those imported. A. inferior than B. less inferior to C. less inferior than D. inferior to
13. This well-known international organization was ______ several years ago. A. set up B. made up C. taken up D. got up
14. The couples had to move to the north because they found it hard to ______ themselves to the hot climate in the south. A. adopt B. make C. enjoy D. adjust
15. I remembered ______ the door before I left the house. A. locking B. lock C. to lock D. locked
16. I didn't hear ______because there was too much noise where I was sitting. A. what did he say B. what he had said C. what was he saying D. what to say
17. George took ______ of the fine weather to do a day's work in his garden. A. advantage B. profit C. interest D. charge
18. We found that the plane ______when we got to the airport. 42 QQ:1163816823 :gzzkgk www.gzzkgk.cn 020-8828266715374053589 A. already took off B. had already taken off C. was already taking off D. was already taken off
19. The sudden rise in oil prices led to an economic ______ in the country. A. crash B. crisis C. threat D. danger
20. The reason I didn't attend the lecture was simply ______ I got a bad cold that day. A. because B. as C. that D. for
21. California relies heavily on income from fruit crops, ______ . A. also does Florida B. so Florida does C. so does Florida D. Florida does either
22. Such a reliable person as him won't make ______ promises. A. bare B. empty C. blank D. vacant
23. In English vocabulary, words of French ______ are not rare. A. source B. resource C. birth D. origin
24. One new ______ to learning a foreign language is to study the language in its cultural context. A. approach B. solution C. manner D. road
25. Staring at the ruins of his house, he couldn't ______ how the fire had broken out. A. bring out B. turn out C. figure out D. pick out A. happened www.gzzkgk.cn 27. I didn't know what to do, but then an idea ______ to me suddenly. B. enteredC. hitD. occurred
26. The government has lost a great deal of ______ because of the large increase in food price. A. strength B. support C. agreement D. vote
27. I continued to study ______ the discouragement I had received. A. despite of B. despite C. in spite D. in spite that
28. They said I had given ______ the whistle was worth. A. twice as many as B. as twice many as C. as twice much as D. twice as much as
29. It is necessary to ______ a large vocabulary in learning a language. A. accumulate B. collect C. assemble D. gather
30. Many people in Africa seem to be ______ of the American way of life: driving everywhere. A. envious B. hopeful C. pleased D. happy
31. One requirement for this job is that you must be ______ to work on weekends. A. accessible B. available C. acceptable D. capable
32. Rain does not ______ bring down the temperature. A. certainly B. undoubtedly C. necessarily D. completely
33. Theory is based on practice and ______ serves and guides practice. A. in turn B. by turns C. taking turns D. in return Part II Reading Comprehension (40%) Passage 1 In Western countries people have been using the installmentplan since the first half of the twentieth century. Today, a large number of families in Great Britain buy furniture, household goods and cars by installment. In the U. S. , the figure is much higher than in Great Britain, and people there spend over 10 percent of their income on the installment plan. The price of an article bought on installment is always higher than the price that would be paid by cash. There is a charge for interest. The buyer pays one quarter or one third of the price as a down payment when the goods are delivered to him. He then makes regular payments, weekly or monthly, until the full piece is paid up. The legal ownership of the goods remains with the seller until the final payment has been made. Installment buying has advantages and disadvantages. It can help couples with small incomes to furnish their homes and start housekeeping. It increases the demand for goods, and in this way helps business and QQ:1163816823 :gzzkgk 43 www.gzzkgk.cn 020-8828266715374053589 employment. There is, however, the danger that when business is bad, installment buying may end suddenly, making business much worse. This may result in a great increase in unemployment. If the people on the installment plan lose their jobs, they will probably not be able to make their payments. If great numbers of people are not able to pay their installment debts there is a possibility that businessmen cannot collect their debts and will therefore lose money. If businessmen lose money or fail to make a satisfactory profit, it becomes more likely to have a depression. This is why, in some countries, the government controls the installment plan by fixing the amount of the down payment and each of the following installments to discourage people from buying more than they can pay for on the installment plan.
34. Which of the following is NOT true about the installment plan? A. A lot of British families use the installment plan. B. More than 10 percent American families buy things on installments. C. Americans depend more on installment than British people do. D. Americans spend more than one tenth of their income on installment buying.
35. Goods bought on installments are more expensive than goods bought by cash because ______. A. the buyer has to pay extra money as interest www.gzzkgk.cn B. the delivery of the goods charges extra moneyC. the buyer has to pay a down payment D. the service offered by installment plan is much better
36. What will happen to a buyer if he fails to make the full payment for an item bought on installment? A. He might lose his job. B. He will not own the item he has bought. C. He will have to sell what he has bought. D. He will go into debt.
37. The advantage of installment buying might include all the following EXCEPT that ______. A. purchasing power is strengthened B. employment might be increased C. people develop a good habit of saving money D. young couples are able to furnish their homes
38. In some countries, the governments control the installment plan to ______. A. increase employment B. increase people's income C. ensure that businesses make good profits D. ensure that people can pay for what they buy Passage 2 Publicityoffers several benefits. There are no costs for message time or space. An ad in prime time television may cost $ 250,000 or mare per minute, whereas a five-minute report on a network newscast would not cost anything. However, there are costs for news releases , a publicity department, and other items. As with advertising, publicity reaches a mass audience. Within a short time, new products or company policies are widely known. Credibilityabout messages is high, because they are reported in independent media. A newspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper, because the reader associates independence with objectivity. Similarly, people are more likely to pay attention to news reports than ads. Readers spend time reading the stories, but they flip through the ads. Furthermore, there may be hundreds of ads in a magazine. Feature stories are much fewer in number and stand out clearly. Publicity also has some significant limitations. A firm has little control over messages, their timing, placement, or coverage. It may issue detailed news releases and find only small portions of them reported by the media; and media have the ability to be much more critical than a company would like. A firm may want publicity during certain periods, such as when a new product is introduced or new store opened, but the media may not cover the introduction or opening until after the time it would aid the firm. 44 QQ:1163816823 :gzzkgk www.gzzkgk.cn 020-8828266715374053589 Similarly, media determine the placement of a story; it may follow a report on crime or sports. Finally, the media ascertainwhether to cover a story at all and the amount of coverage to be devoted to it. A company-sponsoredjob program might go unreported or receive three-sentence coverage in a local newspaper.
39. The author mentions all of the following advantages of publicity EXCEPT ______. A. having no time costs B. having attentiveness C. having high credibility D. having no space costs
40. People are more likely to believe in news repots than ads because ______. A. they reach a larger audience than ads do B. they are all latest events C. they appear in independent media D. they are much more in number and stand out clearly
41. Which of the following in NOT a limitation of publicity? A. Bad timing B. Very detailed reporting www.gzzkgk.cn C. Placement after a report on crime D. Being reported much less than expected
42. One of the reasons why feature stories seem more reliable than ads is that ______. A. they are more believable B. they are more objective C. they are more interesting D. they are much fewer in number and stand out clearly
43. The last sentence in the last paragraph implies that ______. A. the placement of a story is not quite important B. the report of a crime may not be true C. local newspapers may not be interested in company-sponsored programs D. publicity is always successful Passage 3 The idea behind " the rule of law " is that it is laws based on logical reasons and clear thinking that should govern social life. " We live under a rule of law, not of men. " American teachers tell their students. The students accept the idea. They believe that "no man is above the law," and that laws apply equally to all people no matter how wealthy they are, what their personal connections are, or what their stations in life are. Their faith in the rule of law explains the belief many Americans held, and many foreigners could not understand, that President Richard Nixon should be removed from office as a result of his behavior in connection with what was called" Watergate Scandal ()". Nixon had broken the law and therefore should be punished, Americans believed, even if he was the President. The belief in the rule of law goes beyond the area of politics to other areas of life that are governed by formal rules and procedures. To get a job with government institutions, for example, or to get government funding for a research project, one must follow published procedures and show that one meets the published requirements. Personal connections are not supposed to matter under the rule of law. This is not to say that personal contacts, wealth, and social influence do not matter in situations where laws and rules are to be obeyed. They may. What is said above describes the ideal with which Americans agree. In reality, connections can sometimes help a person get a government job. Rich people can sometimes go unpunished for illegal behavior that poor people would be likely to be punished for. But in general the rule of law prevails, and Americans are proud that it does.
44. The word " stations" (Line 5, Para 1) is closest in meaning to ______. A. stages B. situations C. successes D. social positions
45. The writer mentions President Richard Nixon in the first paragraph in order to show that ____. A. no man is above the law B. the president should make sure of the rule of law QQ:1163816823 :gzzkgk 45 www.gzzkgk.cn 020-8828266715374053589 C. the rule of law is important in politics D. American people have the right to remove the president
46. It can be learned from the last paragraph that in the United States the rule of law ____. A. is not carried out as fully as it should be B. makes poor people also likely to be successful C. is, in reality, almost impossible to realize D. makes sure that everyone is punished for his wrongdoing
47. The pronoun " They " in the second line of the last paragraph refers to all of the following EXCEPT ______. A. personal connections B. laws and rules C. social influence D. wealth
48. The main idea of the last paragraph is ______. A. Americans are idealistic () about laws B. rich people can sometimes go unpunished for illegal behavior C. the American employment system is unfair D. laws are more important than personal connections or influence in most cases in the US www.gzzkgk.cn Passage 4 Human cloning technology could be used to reverse heart attacks. Scientists believe that they may be able to treat heart attack victims by cloning their healthy heart cells and injecting them into the areas of the heart that have been damaged, and other problems may be solved if human cloning and its technology are not forbidden. With cloning, infertile couples could have children. Current treatments for infertility, in terms of percentages, are not very successful. Couples go through physically and emotionally painful procedures for a small chance of having children. Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children. Human cloning could make it possible for many more infertile couples to have children than ever before. We should be able to clone the bone marrow () for children and adults suffering from leukemia (). This is expected to be one of the first benefits to come from cloning technology. We may learn how to switch cells on and off through cloning and thus be able to cure cancer. Cloning technology can be used to test for and perhaps cure gene-related diseases. The above are just a few examples of what human cloning technology can do for mankind. This new technology promises unprecedented advancement in medicine if people will release their fears and let the benefits begin.
49. Heart attacks can be treated with human cloning technology by ________. A. removing the damaged part of the heart B. replacing the old heart with a cloned one C. repairing the heart with cells cloned from healthy ones D. giving the patients injections of various medicines
50. The word " infertile "(Line 1, Para. 2) most probably means "________" . A. unable to give birth to a child B. having physical and emotional problems C. short of time and money D. separated from each other for long
51. Paragraph Two implies that in treating infertility, ________. A. the percentage of successful treatments is very high when present methods are used B. the present treatment is very cheap C. the cloning technology costs less time and money in treating infertility D. the cloning technology is more suitable for treating infertility than leukemia
52. The following are all examples of the benefits from the cloning technology EXCEPT _______. A. treating heart attack victims B. releasing people's fears C. treatment for infertility D. curing cancer 46 QQ:1163816823 :gzzkgk www.gzzkgk.cn 020-8828266715374053589
53. According to the writer, the main problem with the development of human cloning technology is that ________. A. it may be out of human control B. it has brought about few benefits so far C. people still know little about it D. people are afraid of such technology Part III Cloze (10%) We got up early this morning and 56 a long walk after breakfast. We walked 57 the business section of the city. I told you yesterday that the city 58 larger than I thought it would be. Well, the business section is smaller than I thought it would be. I suppose that's 59 Washington is a special kind of city. 60 of the people in Washington work for the government. About 9:30 we went to the White House. It's 61 the public from ten 62 twelve, and there was a long line of people 63 to get in. We didn't have to wait very long, because the line moved pretty quickly. The White House is really white. It 64 every year. And it seems very white, because it's got beautiful lawns 65 around it, with many trees and shrubs. The grounds 66 about four square blocks. I mean, they're about two blocks long 67 each side. Of course, we didn't see the whole building. The part 68 the President lives and works can not be www.gzzkgk.cn visited by the public. But the part we saw was beautiful. We went through five of the main rooms. One of 69 was the library, on the ground floor. On the next floor, there are three rooms named 70 the colors that are used in them: the Red Room, the Blue Room, and the Green Room. The walls are covered with silk 71 . There are 72 old furniture, from the time 73 the White House was 74 built. And everywhere there are paintings and statues of former presidents and 75 famous people from history.
54. A. made B. took C. did D. set
55. A. among B. through C. between D. upon
56. A. was B. is C. has been D. should be
57. A. reason B. for C. because D. since
58. A. Amounts B. Much C. A great deal D. Most
59. A. open to B. opened to C. open for D. opened for
60. A. near B. since C. towards D. to
61. A. waited B. wait C. waiting D. to wait
62. A. was painted B. has been painted C. gets painted D. had been paint
63. A. all B. whole C. every D. each
64. A. cover B. make C. cost D. spend
65. A. about B. on C. in D. for
66. A. that B. which C. where D. what
67. A. that B. those C. it D. them
68. A. in B. by C. with D. after
69. A. cloth B. clothing C. clothes D. dressing
70. A. many pieces of B. many bits of C. a great many D. many a
71. A. which B. that C. when D. where
72. A. firstly B. at first C. first D. early
73. A. the other B. other C. others D. another Part IV Writing (15%) Directions: This part is to test your ability in practical writing. Now you are required to write a letter according to the information given in Chinese. Your writing should contain 100 to 120 words and you should write it on the Answer Sheet. QQ:1163816823 :gzzkgk 47 www.gzzkgk.cn 020-8828266715374053589
74. 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committeerecruit volunteers

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